Makamashi Zai Kasance Sabon Makamashi Nan da Shekaru 30 masu zuwa

Abubuwan Tafiya A Sabuwar Masana'antar Makamashi

A cikin yanayin mayar da martani na duniya game da sauyin yanayi da kuma inganta tsarin tsarin makamashi, tsabta, lalata da ingantaccen masana'antar makamashi ya zama yarjejeniya.Kudin samar da wutar lantarki na sabon makamashi ya ragu sosai.Tun daga shekara ta 2009, farashin samar da wutar lantarki mai amfani da hasken rana ya ragu da kashi 81%, kuma farashin samar da wutar lantarki a bakin teku ya ragu da kashi 46%.Dangane da hasashen EA (Hukumar Makamashi ta Duniya) nan da shekara ta 2050, kashi 90% na wutar lantarki a duniya za su fito ne daga hanyoyin makamashi da ake sabunta su, wanda hasken rana da iska tare suka kai kusan kashi 70%.

A Hanyar Duniya ta Sifili-Carbon, Sabunta Makamashi Zai zama Tushen Makamashi Mai Mahimmanci

 

  Rarraba Kasuwancin Masana'antu na Photovoltaic

A cikin 2021, fitar da samfuran photovoltaic zuwa nahiyoyi daban-daban zai ƙaru zuwa digiri daban-daban.Kasuwar Turai ta sami karuwa mafi girma, sama da kashi 72% a shekara.A cikin 2021, Turai za ta zama babbar kasuwar fitarwa, tana lissafin kusan kashi 39% na jimlar ƙimar fitarwa.Silicon wafers da sel galibi ana fitarwa zuwa Asiya.

Bayanan Fitar da Samfur na PV A cikin 2021

A ranar 13 ga watan Afrilu, ofishin yada labarai na majalisar gudanarwar kasar ya gudanar da taron manema labarai kan yanayin shigo da kayayyaki a cikin rubu'in farko na shekarar 2022. Li Kuiwen, kakakin hukumar kwastam kuma daraktan sashen kididdiga da nazari, ya bayyana cewa a farkon shekarar 2022. kwata kwata, jimillar kimar cinikin waje da kasar ta shigo da ita ta kai yuan tiriliyan 9.42, wanda ya karu da kashi 10.7 cikin dari a duk shekara.Ya kamata a lura da cewa, a cikin kwata na farko, kasarta ta fitar da kayayyakin injuna da lantarki zuwa yuan tiriliyan 3.05, wanda ya karu da kashi 9.8%, wanda ya kai kashi 58.4% na adadin kudin da ake fitarwa zuwa kasashen waje, inda kwayoyin hasken rana suka karu da kashi 100.8% a duk shekara. shekara, matsayi na farko a cikin nau'in samfuran injiniya da lantarki.

Rikicin Makamashi Yana Haɓaka Buƙatar Makamashi Mai Sabuntawa - A ranar 8 ga Maris, Hukumar Tarayyar Turai ta fitar da taswira don 'yancin kai na makamashi don haɓaka haɓaka haɓakar makamashi mai sabuntawa da rage dogaro ga makamashin Rasha.Jamus ta ba da shawara cikin gaggawa don ci gaba da 100% makamashi mai sabuntawa daga 2040 zuwa 2035 zuwa 2025. Sabbin damar da aka shigar a cikin hoto a Turai ya kusan ninki biyu (49.7GW Vs. 25.9GW).Jamus tana riƙe da ƙimar haɓaka ta farko kuma ana tsammanin samun ƙasashe 12 sun kai kasuwannin matakin GW (a halin yanzu 7).

Kasuwar batirin wutar lantarki ta duniya China, Japan da Koriya ta Kudu sun zama ''su kadai''.Jimillar batirin wutar lantarkin da kasashen uku ke yi ya kai kashi 90 cikin 100 na jimillar kudaden duniya.60% na adadin.

1. Saboda haɓakar fasaha, farashin batir ɗin ajiyar makamashi ya ci gaba da raguwa, kuma girman kasuwa ya ci gaba da haɓaka.An kiyasta cewa kasuwar ajiyar makamashi ta duniya za ta kai dalar Amurka biliyan 58 cikin shekaru 21.

2. Motocin lantarki har yanzu sun mamaye matsayi na yau da kullun, tare da kusan rabin kasuwar kasuwa;sabbin batura masu amfani da makamashi suna da manyan shingen shiga kuma manyan kamfanonin kera batir na kasar Sin ne suka mamaye su.

3. Yawan batirin ajiyar makamashi na kasar Sin yana ci gaba da bunkasa, inda ya samu karuwar sama da kashi 50% cikin shekaru uku da suka gabata.Ana sa ran cewa haɓakar fili na baturin makamashi na duniya zai kasance kusan 10-15% a cikin shekaru biyar masu zuwa.

4. Kayayyakin da kasar Sin ke fitarwa galibi suna kwarara ne zuwa kasashen Koriya ta Kudu, Amurka, Jamus, Vietnam a matsayin kasar Asiya, da Hong Kong na kasar Sin a matsayin tashar jigilar kayayyaki, kuma kayayyakin suna kwarara zuwa sassan duniya.

A halin yanzu, ana fitar da batura na ƙasata zuwa Arewacin Amurka da Asiya.A shekarar 2020, batirin da kasata ke fitarwa zuwa Amurka ya kai dalar Amurka biliyan 3.211, wanda ya kai kashi 14.78% na adadin kudin da kasar Sin take fitarwa, kuma har yanzu ita ce wuri mafi girma wajen fitar da batirin kasarta.Bugu da kari, adadin batirin da aka fitar zuwa Hong Kong, Jamus, Vietnam, Koriya ta Kudu da Japan shi ma ya zarce dalar Amurka biliyan 1, wanda ya kai kashi 10.37%, 8.06%, 7.34%, 7.09% da 4.77% bi da bi.Jimillar kimar fitarwa na manyan wuraren fitar da baturi shida ya kai kashi 52.43%.

 Adadin Fitar da Batir:

Saboda fa'idodin caji mai sauri / fitarwa mai ƙarfi / ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfi / tsawon rayuwar batirin lithium-ion, ƙarar fitarwa na batirin lithium-ion yana da mafi girman rabo.

Daga cikin fitar da kayayyakin aikin batir, fitar da motocin lantarki ya kai sama da kashi 51%, sannan fitar da kayayyakin ajiyar makamashi da sauran kayayyakin lantarki na masu amfani da wutar lantarki ya kai kusan kashi 30%.

Haɓaka masana'antu na duniya da motocin lantarki suna haɓaka haɓaka batura.An kiyasta cewa ƙarfin da aka shigar na photovoltaics zai ninka zuwa 300GW a cikin shekaru biyar, kuma saurin ci gaba da haɓakawa da aka rarraba zai haifar da buƙatar batir ajiyar makamashi don girma.A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, a karkashin manyan kasashe irin su China, Turai, Japan, Koriya ta Kudu, da Amurka sun himmatu wajen bunkasa sabbin motocin makamashi a duniya baki daya, ana samun karuwar sayar da sabbin motocin makamashi a duniya, da lantarki. ababen hawa, ababen hawa masu sannu-sannu irin su lif, motocin noma, da dai sauransu sun inganta buƙatun batir ɗin wuta.karuwa.Saboda haɓaka fasaha a cikin kayan lantarki, kayan aiki, da sauransu, aikace-aikacen baturi yana ƙara yaɗuwa.

Tsarin Photovoltaic:

Dangane da hasashen Hukumar Makamashi ta Duniya, a cikin 2022, ikon da aka sanya na iya aiki na hotuna masu rarraba zai karu da 20% kowace shekara, kuma haɓakar haɓakar hoto mai rarraba zai ninka ta 2024. Rarraba PV (ƙararfin wutar lantarki <5MW) zai kai kusan rabin jimlar kasuwar PV, wanda zai kai 350GW.Daga cikin su, masana'antu da tallace-tallace da aka rarraba photovoltaics sun zama babban kasuwa, suna lissafin kashi 75% na sababbin damar da aka shigar a cikin shekaru biyar masu zuwa.Ƙarfin da aka shigar na tsarin photovoltaic na gida a cikin gidaje ana sa ran zai ninka zuwa kusan gidaje miliyan 100 a cikin 2024.

Bayanai daga sanannen dandamalin sayayya na ƙasa da ƙasa ya nuna cewa masu siye galibi suna siyan haɗin grid da haɗin ginin gida da na masana'antu da na kasuwanci na hotovoltaic.Daga cikin masu siyar da samfurin hoto, 50% na masu siye a zahiri sun nemi tsarin hoto, kuma fiye da 70% na GMV sun fito ne daga tsarin photovoltaic.Babban riba mai girma na tallace-tallace na tsarin photovoltaic ya fi girma fiye da na samfuran mutum ɗaya kamar kayayyaki da inverters da aka sayar daban.A lokaci guda kuma, buƙatun ƙira na ƴan kasuwa, da karɓar oda, da damar haɗa sarƙoƙi suma sune mafi girma.

An raba tsarin photovoltaic zuwa nau'i uku: grid-connected, off-grid, and hybrid.Kashe-grid photovoltaic shuke-shuken adana hasken rana a batura, sa'an nan kuma mayar da su zuwa gida 220V lantarki ta inverters.Tsarin samar da wutar lantarki na photovoltaic da aka haɗa da grid yana nufin haɗin kai tare da mains.Tashar wutar lantarki da ke da alaƙa da grid ba ta da na'urar adana makamashin lantarki kuma kai tsaye tana jujjuya shi zuwa ƙarfin lantarki da grid ɗin ƙasa ke buƙata ta hanyar inverter, kuma yana ba da fifiko ga amfanin gida.Ana iya siyar da shi zuwa ƙasashe.